Predictive Maintenance Adoption in Southeast Asia’s Aviation MRO: A Systematic TOE-Based Analysis
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Abstract
The aviation industry in Southeast Asia (SEA) is undergoing significant digital transformation, with Predictive Maintenance (PdM) emerging as a critical innovation within Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul (MRO) operations. Despite global advancements in PdM technologies, such as Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, artificial intelligence (AI) analytics, and digital twins, adoption across SEA remains inconsistent. This study investigates PdM adoption across the region’s MRO sector using the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework to assess national readiness levels, systemic barriers, and strategic enablers. Employing a qualitative methodology that integrates a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and Document Analysis of scholarly and industry sources published between 2013 and 2024, the study reveals stark disparities in PdM maturity. Singapore and Malaysia exhibit high readiness due to advanced infrastructure, coordinated policy support, and public–private collaboration. In contrast, the Philippines, Vietnam, and Indonesia face persistent challenges related to fragmented governance, workforce capability gaps, and minimal integration of PdM tools into core operations. Organizational inertia, technical skill shortages, and regulatory inconsistencies are identified as critical inhibitors. The TOE framework proves effective in capturing the interplay of contextual factors influencing PdM implementation in highly regulated, safety-critical industries. The findings inform a strategic roadmap emphasizing workforce development, regulatory harmonization, and cross-sector alignment as prerequisites for successful PdM adoption. Future research should focus on in-depth case studies, empirical validation of TOE constructs, and actor-specific adoption dynamics to advance theoretical and practical understanding.
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